The final wave is an apartment house population, because the rise in land values forbids the erection of smaller dwellings.” The next wave moves into two-family houses. Original settlements are made into regions with one-family, houses, such as North Flatbush and more recently Bay Ridge and Fort Hamilton. “Brooklyn,” the survey declares, “has indicated sharply the method of Jewish population trends. The Brooklyn movement has all been into the one-family, two-family and apartment house sections. In Brooklyn, the Jewish population has spread south and west over the Borough into Borough Park, Eastern Parkway, Bath Beach, the Flatbushes and Coney Island. South Bronx evidently has ceased growing in Jewish population, while Tremont has become more populous as a Jewish center than Harlem. In the Bronx it has been northward and westward into the Tremont, Fordham and Grand Concourse district. The movement in Manhattan has been out of the Lower East Side and Harlem, the two most populous areas, the survey shows. The Lower East Side, Harlem, Yorkville, Williamsburg and Willoughby sections have all lost Jewish population and South Bronx and Brownsville have barely held their own while Tremont, Fordham, Eastern Parkway, Flatbush and North Flatbush “have flourished mightily”. This distribution, the study states, has been due to a direct movement from congested to middle-class areas. Over the decade ending in 1925, New York City’s population increase was 16.4 percent and the increase in Jewish population was similar.ĭecentralization of New York City’s Jewish population is cited as the most striking feature of the population drift. The Jewish population of Greater New York constitutes thirty percent of the city’s total population. Similarly, although Harlem’s Jews made up twenty-three percent of Manhattan Jewry in 1925 as against 21.4 percent in 1915, they decreased from 9.9 percent of the Jewish population of the entire city in 1916 to 6.6 percent in 1925. Of Manhattan’s Jewish population, 52.9 percent lives on the Lower East Side and in Harlem, as against 50.3 percent in 1916, but in the earlier year the Lower East Side had 23.5 percent of all of New York City’s Jews, as compared with 15.2 percent in 1925. Of these eight sections, Washington Heights alone showed an increase in the number of Jews, from 24,511 in 1915 to 41,320 in 1925, or a gain of 68,6 percent. Manhattan was divided into eight borough sections by the workers for the purpose of the study, as follows: Lower East Side, Central East Side, Lower West Side, West End, Yorkville, Harlem, West Harlem and Washington Heights. In 1916, according to the study, there were 696,000 Jews in Manhattan in 1925 there were 499,500, or a decrease of 28.3 percent within the decade. Queens, according to the latest figures, has three percent and Richmond one-fifth of one percent. Manhattan was second with twenty-eight percent and the Bronx, with twenty-two percent, was third. In that year, the study reveals, Brooklyn had 45.6 percent of the Jewish population of New York City. On the basis of calculations of the school population of Jewish children, as prepared for 1925 by the Jewish Education Association, the survey places the gericral Jewish population at 1,728,000. It includes in addition to a study of the movement of the Jewish population of the five boroughs, a study of mortality among the Jews and an evaluation of communal resources in the fields of child care, family welfare, health, delinquency work, community organization, recreation, and Jewish education. Goldsmith, executive director of the bureau. Frankel is chairman of the executive committee, was made by a staff of fifty research workers headed by Samuel A. The survey, which was undertaken almost two years ago at the direction of a Citizens’ Committee, of which Judge Otto A.
The onward march from the tenement districts of the lower East Side is portrayed in chart form and the story in figures describes the movement to Yorkville, Harlem, Bronx and into the Park Avenue section. In the statistical tables of the survey the steady economic growth of the Jewish community is shown. The Jewish population in Greater New York was placed at 1,728,000, on the basis of estimates in the Jewish Communal Survey of Greater New York, the results of which were made public yesterday by the Bureau of Jewish Social Reteatch.īroolyn has supplanted Manhattan as the center of Jewish population and “for one time to come will have to be the new locus of attention” as far as a Jewish communal program is concerned, according to the first section of the survey.
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